How To Change Output Styles In Endnote

An output style (or bibliographic style) is a template that tells EndNote how to format the citations in a manuscript or bibliography. EndNote includes over 2,800 automatically-created output styles (APA, AMA, NLM, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.).

This guide discusses using output styles to format bibliographies, editing existing styles and creating new ones. Styles tin also exist downloaded from http://www.endnote.com/back up/enstyles.asp. See the EndNote User Guide or the Help tab in the EndNote toolbar for additional information.

Editing existing styles

To edit an existing style, starting time make a copy of the style to be modified:

Access the style managing director window by selecting Output styles from the Tools tab bill of fare and choose Open up Style Director
From the style manager window, select the format to be edited and click on the Edit button. This will call upwardly the style window (below example: APA format)
Select the Salvage Every bit pick from the File menu. Give the manner a new name.

Options relevant to but one of these types are listed under the appropriate blazon of reference. Citation options apply to citations in the torso of the text; Bibliography refers to the bibliographies that are created by EndNote; Footnotes refer to the citations entered into the footnotes of a Word document; under Figures and Tables, Tables refer to images inserted from the Image field in the Chart or Table reference type and Figures refers to images inserted from the Paradigm field of any other EndNote reference type.

The list on the left side of the window includes all options that tin be modified. The first 4 options are relevant for citations, bibliographies, and footnotes:

Almost this fashion: In this choice, add a clarification and category for this mode.

Anonymous works: In this selection, indicate how EndNote should handle references where the writer field is blank (not "anonymous").

Page numbers: Indicate how folio numbers should exist handled (full or abbreviated, or first folio only, etc.)

Periodical names: Indicate how journal names should exist handled (full or abbreviated, which abbreviation, etc. See above for information well-nigh the periodical term listing, which is integral to this preference).

Working with way templates

For each reference blazon in a mode, there is a style template (see beneath), which is a cord of fields and codes that tells EndNote how to display the information in a reference.

To open upwards a template:

Click on Edit
Click on Output Styles
Click on Open up Way Director
Select the style to be edited
Select Edit from the left-hand menu

The template for a journal commodity in APA format is shown below and enlarged. Notation the field names (Author, Championship, Periodical, etc.), the traditional punctuation (periods and commas), and the unusual punctuation (characters for special formatting). Templates tin be modified past adding or deleting fields, punctuation, spaces, etc. New reference type templates can also exist created.

Some rules for working with templates:

Basic dependence: any text or punctuation not separated past an ordinary space is dependent on the adjacent field. This ways that the text/punctuation will merely brandish when there is data in the field. In the example above, the parentheses effectually the (twelvemonth) volition only be displayed when in that location is a year to display. If two fields are adjacent to text or punctuation, the preceding field takes precedence.

Spaces: The commencement space following a field is dependent on that field. Boosted spaces are independent.

Independent text: Independent text (text not from a field) always appears in the bibliography.

Font formatting: To format a field, such equally journal or volume titles, simply highlight the field and select Style from the Text bill of fare. Options are underline, italics, boldface.

Special characters: All of these special characters tin can be added past using the Insert Field button.

Non-breaking infinite (gray diamond) – The EndNote manual refers to the non-breaking space as "bibliographic formatting glue," pregnant that it joins two or more items together and so they act every bit a unmarried unit. Any text or punctuation "glued" to a field will non be displayed if the field is empty. In a formatted bibliography, it will display as an ordinary space.

Forced separation (vertical bar, piping, |) – This is used to intermission dependence. In the example above, the forced separation after Pages will cause the period to be displayed whether or not at that place are pages in the reference.

Field names as independent text (accent grave, `) – This is used around contained text that could be misinterpreted every bit a field label, such as `Editor`.

Singular/plural separator (caret, ^) – This can be used to specify atypical and plural forms of independent text, such as Ed.^Eds.

Creating an annotated bibliography

With the exception of the Annotated style, EndNote's output styles create bibliographies without including abstracts or annotations. To create an annotated bibliography for any output style:

First, create a copy of the mode to annotate and open information technology (see editing existing styles above)

Select Bibliography > Layout from the menu; notice there is information for Start each reference with and End each reference with. Information telling EndNote to add an notation will exist added in the field labeled End each reference with. In the screen shots below, information for adding the abstracts has been entered. The full general format is as follows:

Begin with clicking on the Insert Field button and selecting End of paragraph; this starts the annotation on the post-obit line
Click on the Insert Field button and select Link adjacent text [Note: this is a non-breaking space that links adjacent text to a field so text won't appear if the field is empty.]
Click on the Insert Field push and select Tab (if the first line of the annotation need to exist indented)
Click on the Insert Field push and select the desired field (abstruse, notes, etc.)
Click on the Insert Field push button and again select Link adjacent text

In the analogy below, the Abstract field was chosen, but the Notes field could besides accept been added; select whichever field in which the annotations are stored. Select a hanging indent option as desired.

Creating new styles

To create a new manner, select Output styles from the Edit menu, the select New manner…. Utilize the information to a higher place to set upwardly the features of the new mode.

Modifying In-Text Citations

Not all in-text citations follow the exact format of an output style. For example, in APA format, the typical in-text citation looks similar this: (Smith, 2003). Sometimes text needs to be added or deleted from this standard format. Do not make the edits to the citation directly because these changes will exist lost if the document is reformatted.

In Word, nether the EndNote Tab, select Edit & Manage Citation(s)… In the dialog box (illustrated above), select the commendation that you desire to modify, and make the changes in the dialog box.

Exclude author: Omits the writer(s) proper noun from the formatted citation
Exclude twelvemonth: Omits the date from the formatted citation
Prefix: Enter words that should be included before the citation, such every bit see also. Include relevant space, such as the one after the prefix.
Suffix: Enter words that should be added afterwards the commendation.
Pages: Usually used with direct quotations. Enter the page numbers that y'all are citing. To encounter these, the output style may need to exist modified to include cited pages in the citation template (see to the right).

Y'all tin also add or remove references from a multi-reference citation, such as (Jones, 1999; Smith, 2003), using the Insert… and Remove… buttons. The up and downward arrows can exist used to change the society of display.

Quick Edit screen

EndNote allows for like shooting fish in a barrel editing and managing of selected fields within a citation without opening the tape. When a commendation is selected and the Reference tab is clicked on the View Pane (meet beneath) will display fields which can be edited: add page numbers, exclude author/s, format bibliography (modify style, line spacing) etc. Click outside the edit window to save changes.